目录不定式翻译成英语 动词不定式短语英语怎么说 不定式英语表达 不定式的翻译 动词不定式 英文
1)不定式改裤做主语一般表示具体的某次动作。
【例陪歼乎如】
To complete the 30storied building in one year was
quite a difficult task.
To do that implies taking responsibility.
当主语较长，谓语较短时，常用it做形式主语，而将不定式放到
谓语的后面。
【例如】
It is important for modern young people to master
at least two foreign languages.
It做形式主语，不定式放在谓语动词之后常用于下列结构中：
a) It is＋形容词(easy, important, difficult, foolish,
inconvenient, unnecessary, right, wrong...)＋( for/of sb.)＋
不定式
【例如】
It is essential to reserve a table in advance of
Christmas Eve. hard to put my hopessintoswords.
It is not easy to catch fish with your hands only.
It is important for us young people to learn English and
master it.
b) It is＋名词(a pleasure, a pity, a pleasant thing,
one’s du�ty, an honor, a shame, a crime, no easy job...)
＋不定式
It is a sheer waste of time to read that kind of trash.
It is a pity to have to go without her.
It is a glorious death to die for the people.
c) It takes (sb.) some time (hours, months, days,
a lot of time, patience...)＋不定式
It takes me three hours to learn English each day.
It took them half the night to get home in the snow.
2)不定式作表语不定式作表语常表示将来的动作，主语常常是表示
意向、打算、计划的芦悉词，如wish, idea, task, purpose, duty,
job等。
【例如】
The most important thing for one’s health is to have
plenty of exercise.
My chief purpose has been to point out the difficulties of
the matter.
The purpose of the organization is to greet all new comers
to the city and to provide them with any necessary
information.
What I wanted was to get the work done as quickly as possible.
3)不定式作宾语不定式常在下列动词后面作宾语：
afford,agree,apply,arrange,ask,attempt,beg,begin,care,
choose,claim,consent,demand,decide,desire,determine,
expect,fail,hope,hesitate,hate,intend,learn,like,manage,mean,
neglect,offer,plan,prepare pretend,promise,refuse,resolve,
seek,tend,threaten,want等。
【例如】
I like to go out for walks in the warm sunshine in
spring.
My mother hates to move from place to place, for she feels
tired.I decide to work hard and get doctor’s degree.
The room is designed to be my study,but now it has to
be used as a bedroom for the children.
She failed to finish the assignment in time, and she was
worried about it.
There is a man at the reception desk who seems very angry
and I think he means( )trouble. (CET-4 1997, 1)
A) making B) to make
C) to have made D)shavingsmade
mean后面一般加不定式，所以A和D可以排除。根据句意，
他看起来非常生气，他想找麻烦，不定式的动作还没有实施，
应用一般式， 因此答案为B。不定式作宾语还常用在下面
结构中；主语＋动词＋it＋形容词＋不定式。
【例如】
We found it impossible to get everything ready in time.
I think it important to learn English well in college.
使用这种句型的常见动词有：believe, consider, declare, feel,
find, guess, imagine, prove, realize, suppose, think,等。
4)“wh�word＋不定式”结构不定式前加一个疑问代词(what,
which, who, whom, whose)或疑问副词(where, when, how, why)，
以及连词whether构成特殊的不定式短语，其作用相当于一个从句，
这样的不定式短语常在某些动词后面作宾语。
常见的可以接这种不定式短语的动词有：
know, see, decide, tell,ask,consider,discover,explain,
findout,forget,guess,hear,imagine,inquire,learn,observe,
perceive,remember,think,understand,wonder等。
【例如】
I couldn’t decide which book to choose. I can tell
youswheresto get this book.They found it hard to decide
whether to go swimming next Sunday or to visit Aunt
Sally in New Year.“wh�word+不定式”结构除了作宾语外，
还可以在句中作主语或者表语。
【例如】
When to start the program remains undecided.
The question is how to put the plansintospractice.
5)不定式作状语
a)不定式作状语表示目的。或用于so as和in order之后，
来强调这种目的。
【例如】
To learn a foreign language well, you must make painstaking
efforts.
Mother saved every cent she could spare to pay for my schooling.
We must develop science and technology at high speed
so as to raise scientific and cultural level of our country.
Insgroups to get a high mark in Band 4, he did a lot of
exercises both in grammar and reading comprehension.
b)不定式表示结果，特别是在so...as to, such...as to,
only to...以及too...to等结构中的不定式表示结果。
【例如】
I rushed to the station as fast as I could, only to
find the train already gone.
She left her hometown with her beloved man, never to return.
No one is too old to learn.
Would you be so kind as to carry the luggage for me?
c)不定式常用来修饰形容词，构成下列词组：be able to,
be afraid to, be apt to, be bound to, be certain to,
be easy to, be eager to, be fit to, be likely to, be ready
to, be sure to, be unable to, be unwilling to, be willing to等。
【例如】
Chinese team is bound to win the World Cup.
It is likely to rain today, for it is very cloudy.
I am willing to help you with your homework, for we are
friends.
6)不定式作宾语补语不定式常跟在下列动词之后作宾语补语：
ask, advise, allow, beg, cause, compel, command, enable,
encourage, expect, feel, force, find, hear, have,
inform, invite,let, make, mean, notice, order, permit, persuade,
remind, require, request, teach, tell, urge, watch,
warn, watch等。
【例如】
Because of the complexity of the modern equipments,
most offices require secretaries to have specified training.
He asked you to call him at ten o’clock.
The note reminds me to be careful whatever I do.
I’d never allow my children to behave like that.
当不定式在let, make, have, hear, look at, listen to,
feel, observe, watch, notice, perceive(感觉到)等
动词后面作宾语补语时， 不定式不带to.
【例如】
Whenever something is wrong with you,please do let me know.
I will have the students write a passage about Internet.
I saw my mother shed tears at the news that the neighbor
girl got seriously hurt in a car accident.
It seemed so long before he heard the stone hit the water.
7)不定式作主补带有宾语及宾语补足语结构的动词变为被动语态时，
原来的宾语变为主语，宾补则变为主补。加主补的动词主要有：assume,
believe, know, report, say, suppose等。
【例如】
Mr. Brown is said to have left for Italy last week.
(It is said that Mr. Brown left for Italy last week.)
Persons have been said to climb on roofs, solve
mathematical problems, compose music, walk through
windows and commit murder in their sleep.
He is reported to have won the 100�meter running race
in the Olympic games.
8)不定式作定语
a)不定式作定语通常要放在其所修饰的名词或代词之后。
不定式常作下列的名词定语：attempt, ability, anything,
chance, desire, determination, decision, effort, failure,
intention, need, opportunity, plan, promise, pressure,
right, tendency,time, way等。
【例如】
His efforts to carry out the plan were successful.I have
no intention to go to the cinema with you.
There is no need to bother him with such trifles.
There is a tendency to writer quite long sentences
in commercial correspondence.
The pressure( )causes Americans to be energetic,
but it also put them under a constant emotional strain.
(CET-4 1997,6)
A) to compete B) competing
C) to be competed D)shavingscompeted
pressure后面应接后置定语，表示竞争的压力。单个分词作
定语一般置于名词前，故B和D可以排除。C为不定式的被动式，
而竞争和压力之间没有被动关系， 因此正确答案为A。
特别注意的是在
不定式与其修饰的名词有动宾关系时，
要根据句子的需要在不定式后加适当的介词，
这个介词的选用取决于被修饰的名词或不定式本身的要求。
【例如】
She is a very nice person to work with.
This is an important issue to talk about.
b)由only, last, next,序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词
常用不定式作定语。
【例如】
Mr. Zhang is always the first man to arrive at the office
and the last man to leave.I don’t think he is the best
one to do the work.
9)不带to的不定式在下列词组后面的不定式不带to：would
rather ...than(宁愿……也不), had better...(最好)，can’t help
but...(不得不), had rather...(宁愿)，cannot but...
(不得不，必然)，may/might as well...(不妨)，
let alone(更不用说)。
【例如】 You’d better return the books to the library
on time. Otherwise, you will be fined. I can’t help but wish
that nothing would go wrong.
They had never seen such delicious food, let alone eat it.
不定式的定义
不定式的全称是“动词不定式”，是一种非限定动词，有不定式符号to家动词原形构成。不定式具有动词的特征，同时也有名词、形容词和副词的特征。我们说不定式是一种非限咐者定动词是因为它不受到主语的人称和数的限制。虽说不定式有“一般态”“进行态”“完成态”的变化，不过它不受“现在、过去、将来”的时间限制。
我们说不定式具有动词的特征是因为：它可以有自己的宾语，可以受副词的修饰等。
我们说不定式具有名词的特征是因为：它可以作主语和宾语。
我们说不定式具有形容词的特征是因为：它可以作定语。
我们说不定式具有副词的特征是因为：它可以作状语。
不定式的分类
不定式可以分为两种
"带to的不定式"和"不带to的不定式"。
不定式的句法功能
不定式在句子中可以作主语、宾语、宾补、表语、定语和状语：
1. 不定式作主语
To learn a foreign language is not easy.
学外语不容易。
Is it necessary to complete the design before National Day?
有必要在国庆节之前完成这个设老嫌计吗？
2. 不定式作宾语
I forgot to turn the oven on.
我忘记打开炉子。
3. 不定式作宾补
Will you help me plant this tree, please?
请您帮我种这棵树好吗？
4. 不定式作定语
He has a lot of questions to ask.
他有许多问题要问。
5. 不定式作表语
Disney’s greatest wish was to be a famous artist.
迪斯尼最大的愿望就是成为一个著名的艺术家。
6. 不定式作状语衡含薯
She searched the top of the hill and stopped to rest on a big
rock by the side of the path.
她搜查了山顶上，然后在路边的一块大石头上停下来休息。
不定式作主语（1）
不定式作主语有以下三种句型：
句型（1） 不定式短语 + 谓语动词
句型（2） It's + 形容词 + for/of 逻辑主语 + 不定式短语
句型（3） It's + 名词 + for 逻辑主语 + 不定式短语
在这一条目中，只讲述句型（1），例外两个结构在以下条目中讲述。
To know oneself is difficult.
了解自己很困难。
在英语句子的表述中倾向主语短小一些，谓语部分长一些，以保持句子的结构平衡。故上句可以改写如下：
It's difficult to know oneself.
To go to school on foot every day takes me half an hour.
It takes me half an hour to go to school on foot every day.
我每天步行上学花费半个小时。
To read this book through will require time and patience.
It will require time and patience to read this book through.
读完这本书需要时间与耐心。
不定式作主语（2）
It's+ 形容词 +for/of 逻辑主语 + 不定式短语
It's kind of you to think so much of us.
难为你这样替我们着想。
It's very nice of you to be so considerate.
你太好了想得这么周到。
It's unwise of them to turn down the proposal.
他们拒绝采纳这个建议是不明智的。
It's bad for your health to sit up to late at night.
晚上睡得太晚对你的健康有害。
It's not easy for you to get him to change his mind.
你要说服他改变主意是不容易的。
It's impossible for him to give up smoking.
要他戒烟是不可能的。
适合这个结构的形容词有以下这些：
一. 倾向用"of"
kind, good, nice, wise, unwise, clever, silly, wrong, right, foolish, stupid,
careless, considerate, rude, naughty, impolite,
二. 倾向用"for"
costly, illegal, immoral, unfair, unhealthy, unjust, unlawful, unreasonable,
不定式作主语（3）
It's+ 形容词 +for/of 逻辑主语 + 不定式短语
of和for的判断
It's+ 形容词 +of 逻辑主语 + 不定式短语
的句子可以做如下改写：
It's kind of you to think so much of us.
You are kind to think so much of us.
难为你这样替我们着想。
It's+ 形容词 +for 逻辑主语 + 不定式短语
不能做如上改写。
我们可以通过尝试改写，来确定选择"of"还是"for"。
不定式作主语（4）
It's + 名词 + for 逻辑主语 + 不定式短语
It is a great honour for us to be present at this rally.
我们来参加这个大会是很荣幸的。
It will be a mistake for us not to help him.
我们不帮助他们将是一个错误。
适用这种句型的有以下这些名词：
pleasure, pity, mistake, honour
不定式作宾语（1）
有些动词常用动词不定式作宾语
We agreed to meet here but so far she hasn't turned up yet.
我们约定在这里见面，但是到现在她都还没露面。
He offered to help us.
他提出要帮助我们。
Mary begged to go with us.
玛丽恳求同我们一块去。
常用动词不定式作宾语的有如下动词：
agree, ask, attempt, begin, care, choose, continue
decide, desire, determine, expect, forget, hate, hope
intend, learn, like, love, manage, mean, offer, prefer
pretend, promise, refuse, start, try, undertake, want, wish
不定式作宾语（2）
主语 + 谓语动词 + it + 形容词/名词/代词 + 不定式
解释：这里的"it"是形式宾语，"形容词/名词/代词"是宾补，"不定式"是真实宾语。这里需要用"it"做形式宾语的原因是不定式短语太长，而挪到后面去，以保持句子的平衡。
We think it wrong to tell a lie.
我们认为说谎是不对的。
I felt it useless for us to say anything further.
我觉得我们再说下去也没有用。
I made it a rule to get up early, take a cold bath, and then do some running.
我已经养成习惯，早早起床，洗个冷水澡，然后去跑步。
They found it impossible to get everything ready in time.
他们发现不可能把一切按时准备好。
I consider it better not to go.
我认为还是不去为好。
形容词 + 不定式
主语 + be动词 + 形容词 + 不定式
这种句型中的主语通常是人，形容词多半是描述此人的态度或情感状况。
I'm glad to meet you.
见到你很高兴。
He was angry to see nothing had been done.
他看到什么事都没有做成而很生气。
She is eager to learn to speak English.
他急切地要学说英语。
She was disappointed to know that you won't be able to come to
her birthday party.
她得知你不能来参加她的生日晚会而很失望。
以下是常用于词类句型的形容词：
afraid, anxious, ashamed, careful, content, delighted, desirous,
determined, eager, fortune, glad, grieve, happy, hesitant,
impatient, lucky, pleased, prepared, proud, ready, relieve,
reluctant, simple, willing,
amazed* astonished* disappointed* sad* shocked*
sorry* stunned* surprised* upset*
带星号的形容词后面常接：
to see, to learn, to discover, to find out, to hear
英语中不定式是to+动词原形。
不慎毁山定式的时态和语态
时态\语态 主动被动
一般式 to doto be done
进行式 to be doing
完成式 to have done to have been done
完成进行式 to have been doing
1.现在时：一般现在时表示的动词，有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，有时发生在谓语宽中动词的动作之后。
He seems to know this.
I hope to see you again. = I hope that I’ll see you again.我希望再见到你。
2.完成时：表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。
I’m sorry to have given you so much trouble.
He seems to have caught a cold.
3.进行时： 表示动作正在进行，与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。
He seems to be eating something.
4.完成进行时：
She is known to have been wreaking on the problem for many years.
不定式的特殊句型Why not
"Why not +动词原形"表达向某人提出建议，翻译为："为什么不……?" "干吗不……?"
例如：
Why not take a holiday?
干余空吗不去度假?
英语的不定式是to+动词原形。
to英[tə]美[tu,tə]
prep.到; 向，朝档档毁着; 关于; 属于;
adv.朝一个方向的; 到某种状态; 关闭;
用法
动词不定式由“to+动词原蠢改形”构成,在句中相当于名词、形容词、副词等的作用,可以充行备当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语或补足语等成分,同时也保留了动词的一些特征,可以带宾语或状语。
短语
keep to 坚持 ; 固守 ; 遵守 ; 保持
have to 必须
up to 直到 ; 胜任 ; 多达 ; 取决于
come to 共计 ; 苏醒 ; 总计 ; 达到
close to 靠近 ; 接近 ; 接近于 ; 在附近
例句
1、I must keep to myself, at least for some time.
我暂时还要秘而不宣。
2、I have to go to london on business tomorrow.
明天我要到伦敦去办事。
3、Her clothes are always right up to the minute.
她的衣着总是很入时。
4、The farm came to him on his father 's death.
他父亲死时农场归他了。
5、He sensed that marsha was close to tears.
他觉得玛莎快要掉泪了。
定式的全称是“动词不定式”，是一种非限定动词，由不定式符号to+动词原形构成。不定式具有态滚动词的特征，同时也有名词、形容词和副词的特征。 动词不定式是一种非限定性动词，闭闭蠢由to＋动词原形构成，但它还是属于动词，轿陪所以它本身可以带宾语和状语。动词不定式在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语，还可用在复合结构中，而且有完成式、进行式、完成进行式和否定形式。动词不定式的被动形式除了一般形式外还有其完成式和进行式。
